• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    Electronic device (1), in particular a variable speed drive or alternator regulator, comprising at least one power component mounted on a heat sink (10) and a plurality of capacitors extending through at least one aperture of the dissipator, characterized by the fact that it comprises a recess in which is received a sheet gasket applied on the one hand on an inner face of the dissipator and on the other hand on an inner face facing a housing attached to the dissipator, the inner faces of the dissipator and the housing coming into contact.
    公开号:FR3062277A1
    申请号:FR1750488
    申请日:2017-01-20
    公开日:2018-07-27
    发明作者:Samuel Moser；Christophe Guitton；Renaud Leblanc；Vincent Morisseau
    申请人:Moteurs Leroy Somer SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Holder (s):
    LEROY-SOMER ENGINES.
    O Extension request (s):
    © Agent (s): CABINET NONY.
    © ELECTRONIC DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A SPEED VARIATOR OR ALTERNATOR REGULATOR, COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE POWER COMPONENT AND A PLURALITY OF CAPACITORS.
    FR 3 062 277 - A1 (57) Electronic device (1), in particular variable speed drive or alternator regulator, comprising at least one power component mounted on a heat sink (10) and a plurality of capacitors extending through at least one opening of the dissipator, characterized in that it comprises a recess in which a sheet gasket is received which is applied on the one hand to an interior face of the dissipator and on the other hand to an interior face opposite a housing attached to the dissipator, the interior faces of the dissipator and of the housing coming into contact.

    ELECTRONIC DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A SPEED VARIATOR OR ALTERNATOR REGULATOR, COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE POWER COMPONENT AND A PLURALITY OF CAPACITORS
    The present invention relates to electronic devices such as variators or regulators, comprising a power stage.
    State of the art
    Dimmers or regulators are devices used in conjunction with industrial motors or alternators to control their speed or voltage.
    These devices conventionally include power components, such as IGBT or MOSFET for example, mounted on a radiator, and fairly bulky electrochemical capacitors.
    The trend is to try to reduce their size.
    Many solutions have already been proposed for this purpose.
    Application US 2014/0198455 discloses a variable speed drive comprising power components mounted on a printed circuit board, and capacitors arranged at 90 ° from this board.
    Application US 2010/0202109 describes a device in which the capacitors are arranged next to the radiator, and pass through openings in a cooling air guide.
    US Patent 8810178 discloses a variable speed drive comprising a housing provided with openings through which the capacitors pass. A seal in the form of a perforated sheet is placed under the openings of the housing. A removable cover covers the ends of the capacitors which protrude from the openings.
    Utility model CN205430848 U describes a variator whose radiator carries, via spacers, a printed circuit board on which the capacitors are soldered. The radiator has a cutout in which the capacitors extend.
    There is a need to further improve electronic devices such as variators or regulators, in particular in order to make them even more compact, while keeping a high reliability and a manufacturing cost compatible with the industrial requirements for this type of product.
    Furthermore, in order to provide an excitation current to alternators with a wound rotor, voltage regulators conventionally use a power bridge consisting at least of an IGBT and a freewheeling diode. In order to allow rapid de-energization under certain conditions, a half H-bridge can be used to reverse the voltage across the alternator inductor. Certain extreme operating conditions can cause one of these power components to break, such as overexcitation or use under excessive ambient temperature. This breakage makes the device completely inoperative and the overexcitation or generated excitation may, in certain applications such as the extraction of tunnel fumes, the supply of electricity to a hospital, or the supply of cooling pumps to nuclear reactors, be critical.
    There is therefore an interest in further improving the reliability of alternator regulators.
    There is still a need to facilitate the fixing of the device to a support. The invention aims to meet all or part of these needs.
    summary
    According to a first of its aspects, the invention relates to an electronic device, also called an appliance, in particular a speed controller or alternator regulator, comprising at least one power component mounted on a heat sink, also called a radiator, and a plurality of capacitors extending through at least one opening of the dissipator.
    Preferably, the device comprises a recess in which a sheet gasket is received which is applied on the one hand to an interior face of the dissipator and on the other hand to an interior face facing a housing attached to the heatsink, the interior faces of the heatsink and the housing coming into contact.
    This aspect of the invention contributes to the compactness of the device while ensuring efficient cooling of the power component. The seal avoids the entry of water into the device, and the fact that it is received in a recess makes it possible to provide contact surfaces between the dissipator and the housing to promote thermal transfer from the dissipator to the housing.
    The recess is preferably made in the housing. The latter can be produced in two assembled parts. The housing is for example metallic or plastic.
    At least one of the housing and the dissipator may have centering pins and the joint may have corresponding holes in which the centering pins are engaged. This limits the risk of improper positioning of the seal in the aforementioned recess.
    The seal may include an opening in which a metal spacer is arranged extending between the dissipator and an auxiliary power component, in particular a diode bridge.
    Preferably, the power component is applied to the heatsink through an opening in the housing. Thus, the quality of the thermal contact between the power component and the dissipator can be improved.
    The power component can be soldered onto a printed circuit board of a power card, this board having slots to form flexible tabs on which extending conductive tracks on which the pins of the power component are soldered. This produces an assembly capable of a certain elastic deformation, which facilitates the correct positioning of the power component on the dissipator and limits the risk of breakage of the module by force on the pins thereof.
    The device may include several, for example five, capacitors arranged in a U, the concavity of the U being oriented towards the power component. This allows to gain even more compactness.
    The power component can comprise a plurality of power transistors, in particular of IGBT or of MOSFET.
    The subject of the invention is also, according to a second aspect independent of the first but which can advantageously be combined with the latter, an electronic device, in particular a speed controller or alternator regulator, comprising a heat sink and a power card comprising a printed circuit board, housed in a housing.
    Preferably, the device comprises a part fixed on the one hand to the dissipator and fixed on the other hand to the plate and coming into contact with at least one conductive track of the power card, so as to ensure electrical contact between the dissipator and said track, this part having a face accessible from the outside of the device for fixing a terminal connected to a ground and / or earth cable.
    This arrangement makes it possible to establish both an electrical and mechanical connection between the dissipator and the power card, in a reliable manner and contributing to the compactness of the device, since the same part can also be used for an external connection.
    The part may have a hole for receiving a screw for fixing said terminal.
    The device may include a housing having an opening for the passage of the part. This box can have two assembled parts, the opening being made in a part of the box in contact with the dissipator. The power card can be fixed on the housing, in particular on screw receiving drums thereof.
    The device may include a printed circuit board between that of the power card and the dissipator. This plate can carry connectors and / or bomiers. Having such a plate makes it possible to use the space left free under the power card and to further improve the compactness of the device.
    The device preferably comprises connectors and / or terminal blocks on three sides as well as on its front face.
    The invention also relates, according to a third of its aspects, independent of the two above aspects but which can advantageously be combined with any one of these, an electronic device, in particular a speed variator or alternator regulator. , comprising a housing having on the front a housing for receiving an annex module, a hatch for closing this housing, and an electronic circuit comprising an interface card defining a housing for receiving a memory card, opening into the housing of reception of the additional module.
    The invention, according to this aspect, makes it possible to prohibit access to the memory card as long as the hatch is in place, which is the normal situation, the hatch being intended to be removed only for a maintenance operation. The device can thus advantageously include a tamper-evident label at least partially covering the hatch. In addition, having the memory card receiving slot in this location makes it possible to take advantage of the clearance offered by the receiving slot of the annex module for the insertion and removal of the card, which contributes to the compactness. of the device and its ergonomics.
    The interface card preferably has a screen and buttons accessible through holes in the housing.
    The memory card slot preferably opens into a recess in the housing intended to receive a latch for locking the hatch. This locking tab preferably has a hole for the passage of a screw.
    Various information can be saved on the memory card. Preferably, the device is configured to record an operating history of the device on the memory card.
    Preferably, the device comprises at least one connector on the front, in particular of the RJ45 or USB type. This connector can be used for updating the device, without having to dismantle it.
    This or these front connectors may be carried by extensions of a printed circuit board of the interface card, extending on either side of the aforementioned recess intended to receive the locking tab of the hatch. This allows to gain even more compactness.
    The housing may have assembled lower and upper parts, the housing being produced in the upper housing part. The lower part is advantageously fixed to a heat sink, the housing housing a power card and a control card superimposed, the interface card being disposed above the control card, the housing extending under the card. interface when the device is arranged vertically with the opening of the memory card receiving slot facing down. Such an arrangement proves to be ergonomic, compact and easy to assemble and maintain.
    Another subject of the invention, according to another of its aspects, which is independent of the preceding ones but which can advantageously be combined with the latter, is an electronic device, in particular an alternator regulator, comprising a power stage to be connected to a load. inductive, in particular to an alternator inductor, comprising at least a first pair of power transistors connected to a terminal of a DC bus, and a control circuit for these transistors, the transistors being arranged in parallel between said bus terminal DC and a first output to be connected to the load, at least one freewheeling diode connecting the opposite terminal of the DC bus to the first output, the control circuit being arranged to generate a pulsed control signal making it possible to regulate the current in the load and to detect a failure of one of the transistors, the control circuit being arranged during normal operation to send the control signal to one of the transi stors of the first pair while maintaining the other transistor of this pair in a blocked state.
    Such an aspect of the invention provides increased reliability in the operation of the device.
    The control circuit is advantageously arranged for, in the event of a failure of a transistor of the first pair causing it to remain in open circuit, sending the pulsed control signal to the other transistor of this pair.
    Preferably, the device comprises a second pair of transistors connected in parallel between a second output to be connected to the load and the opposite terminal of the DC bus, at least one diode connecting the second output to the terminal of the DC bus, one at less of the transistors of the second pair being controlled by the control circuit so as to be on during the normal operation of the device.
    Preferably, the other transistor of the second pair is controlled by the control circuit so as to be blocked during normal operation.
    The control circuit is preferably arranged so that, in the event of a failure of one of the transistors of the second pair causing it to remain in open circuit, drive the other transistor of this pair to saturate it.
    The control circuit is preferably arranged for, in the event of a failure of a transistor of the first pair causing it to remain in short-circuit, driving the second transistor of this pair to saturate it, maintaining a transistor of the other pair in the blocked state and send the pulsed control signal to the other transistor of this second pair.
    The device can have two freewheeling diodes in parallel.
    The device can also include two diodes in parallel connecting the second output to the terminal of the DC bus.
    The device is advantageously made so as to be able to operate in voltage inversion mode across the load, also called "negative forcing", when the current in the load must be quickly canceled for regulation purposes, mode in which the transistors of the first pair are controlled blocked and the two transistors of the second pair also.
    The pulsed control signal is preferably a PWM control signal.
    The transistors of the first pair may belong to a power module comprising three branches in parallel, each branch comprising two transistors in series, and a seventh transistor in series with a diode, the assembly formed by this transistor in series with the diode being connected in parallel with the three branches, the transistors of the first pair being each taken within a respective branch. One of the transistors of the second pair can be taken within the remaining branch and the other transistor be constituted by the transistor which is in series with the diode.
    The transistors can be IGB T or MOSFETs, or they can be replaced by thyristors or bipolar transistors. Preferably, the components used to make the bridge are IGBTs.
    The subject of the invention is also a method for regulating an alternator in which the inductor of the alternator is connected to the outputs of a regulator comprising:
    - a power stage comprising:
    o a first pair of power transistors connected in parallel between a terminal of a DC bus and a first terminal of the inductor, o a second pair of transistors connected in parallel between a second terminal of the inductor and an opposite terminal of the continuous bus, o at least one diode connecting the second terminal of the inductor to the terminal of the continuous bus, o at least one freewheeling diode connecting the opposite terminal of the continuous bus to the first terminal of the inductor,
    - a control circuit arranged to generate a pulsed control signal making it possible to regulate the current in the inductor and to detect a failure of one of the transistors, process in which:
    - during normal operation of the regulator, at least one of the transistors of the second pair is controlled by the control circuit so as to be conducting, the control signal is sent to one of the transistors of the first pair while now the other transistor of this pair in a blocked state,
    - in the event of a request for rapid cancellation of the current in the inductor for the purposes of regulation, the transistors of the first pair and the transistors of the second pair are controlled blocked,
    - in the event of failure of a transistor of the first pair causing it to remain in open circuit, for the purposes of current regulation in the inductor, the pulsed control signal is sent to the other transistor of this pair,
    - in the event of failure of one of the transistors of the second pair causing it to remain in open circuit, the other transistor of this pair is piloted to saturate it,
    - in the event of failure of a transistor of the first pair causing it to remain in short-circuit, the second transistor of this pair is piloted to saturate it, a transistor of the other pair is kept in the blocked state and the pulsed control signal is sent to the other transistor of this second pair for the purposes of regulating the current in the inductor.
    The invention also relates, according to a fifth of its aspects, which can be combined with the previous ones, a set comprising:
    - An electronic device, in particular a speed controller or alternator regulator, comprising a housing provided at the rear with a heat sink made from a metal profile, for cooling at least one power component,
    - A first set of fixing elements of the device on a support, each comprising at least one tab to be engaged in the profile by sliding it therein, and a fixing lug provided with at least one through hole of screw,
    - A second set of fixing elements of the device on a support, each comprising at least one tongue to be engaged in the profile by sliding it therein, and a fixing lug provided with at least one through hole for screws, the elements being of different shapes.
    The invention according to this aspect facilitates the mounting of the device in different configurations of available space, by making it possible to choose the most suitable elements.
    The elements of the first and / or second set may each have two tabs.
    The elements of the first set may include at least one hole arranged substantially in the extension of a tongue.
    The elements of the second set may each include at least one hole disposed laterally on the side of the dissipator.
    The elements can each come axially into abutment against a longitudinal end of the dissipator.
    The legs can be, when the elements are mounted on the dissipator, located in a plane offset from that of the tongues.
    The profile may include slides for receiving the tongues, each formed of two fins provided with returns directed towards one another and of an intermediate fin of lesser height, provided with a pad on its free edge.
    The tongues may have tapped holes for receiving clamping screws for the aforementioned pads, bearing on the latter when tightened.
    detailed description
    The present invention can be better understood on reading the detailed description which follows, of non-limiting examples of implementation thereof, and on examining the appended drawing, in which:
    - Figure 1 shows schematically in perspective an example of apparatus according to the invention,
    - Figure 2 shows the device seen from below,
    - Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 of an alternative embodiment,
    - Figure 4 shows the device with the radiator removed,
    - Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 with the outlet seal of the capacitors removed,
    FIG. 6 represents, in perspective, the lower part of the housing,
    - Figure 7 shows a front view of the device,
    - Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 7 after removal of the access door to the additional module,
    FIG. 9 represents the upper part of the housing in isolation,
    - Figure 10A shows the device with the upper part of the housing removed,
    - Figure 10B is a cross section of the device,
    FIG. 10C represents the power card on the side of its face opposite the radiator,
    - Figure 10D is a schematic and partial cross section of the device,
    - Figure 10E shows the device with the circuit board of the power card removed,
    FIG. 11 represents a detail of FIG. 10A,
    FIG. 12 is an exploded view showing certain constituent components of the apparatus,
    - Figure 13 is a diagram of the power bridge of the device, and
    - Figure 14 illustrates the correspondence between the bridge transistors and the power module in an exemplary embodiment.
    The device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 is an alternator regulator, but the invention is not limited to an alternator regulator and also applies to a variable speed drive or an inverter, among others devices using relatively bulky power components and electrochemical capacitors.
    The device 1 comprises at the rear a heat sink 10, also called a radiator, which has parallel fins 11 connecting at their base to a wall 12. The radiator 10 is conventionally made of aluminum or aluminum alloy with the using a sector for example.
    The device 1 can be devoid of a fan, the radiator 10 being cooled by natural convection only.
    The radiator 10 defines two longitudinal slides 13 each extending along the outermost fin 1, intended to receive fastening elements 20 or 20 ′ of different shapes, shown respectively in Figures 2 and 3.
    The fin 11a has on its free edge a return 11b towards the inside. This return 1 lb faces a return 11c directed towards the fin 11a, carried by a fin 1d of the radiator 10, as can be seen in FIG. 10B. Returns 11b and 11c are coplanar. An 11g intermediate fin, lower, extends between the lia and 1 ld fins. This 11g fin is provided on its free edge with a ribbed 1 lh pad.
    Fixing the device
    Elements 20 and 20 ’are used to fix the device to a receiving surface.
    The possibility of using elements 20 and 20 ’of different shapes increases the number of installation configurations of the device.
    Each element 20 comprises two tongues 21 each engaged in a slide 13, these tongues 21 being joined by a strip 22 doubly bent so as to define a fixing lug 23 parallel to the strip 22, or perpendicular to the tongues 21, but situated at a height different.
    The legs 23 are each crossed by two holes 24.
    In the variant of FIG. 3, the strip 22 is replaced by an angle 25 provided with two fixing lugs 26 directed towards the device 1, while in the example of FIG. 2 the lugs 23 are directed towards the outside. and not towards the apparatus 1. Each tab 26 is provided with a hole 24.
    Each tongue 21 engaged in a slide 13 comes to bear on one side against the returns 1 lb and 1 the
    The user wishing to fix the device 1 chooses the fixing elements 20 or 20 ′ suitable for the case in point, engages them in the slides 23. One or more screws, passing through the elements 20 or 20 ′ in the tapped holes 21a provided for this purpose, come into pressure on the ribbed pad 1 lh to maintain the element 20 or 20 'in position in the slides 13, then proceeds to fix the device 1 by means of screws engaged in the holes 24 for example .
    Capacitor mounting
    The apparatus 1 comprises several electronic cards including a so-called power card 30 which carries relatively large electrochemical capacitors 31 of DC bus, for example with a capacity greater than or equal to 200 pF under an insulation voltage greater than or equal to 250 VDC, including 400 VDC
    These capacitors 31 extend backwards through an opening 15 in the radiator
    10. In the example considered, the capacitors 31 are five in number, and the opening 15 has the general shape of a U, the concavity of which faces inwards, as can be seen in FIGS. 2 or 3 in particular.
    In the example considered, the height of the fins 11 is sufficient so that the capacitors 31 do not protrude from the radiator 10 towards the rear; thus, the capacitors 31 remain relatively protected from impacts by the fins 11.
    The apparatus 1 comprises a housing comprising a lower part 40 and an upper part 50, shown in FIGS. 6 and 9 respectively.
    These parts 40 and 50 are preferably made of plastic, preferably reinforced, but as a variant are made of metal, for example aluminum ,.
    The lower part 40 is produced with an opening 41 for the passage of the capacitors 31.
    A recess 42 is formed on the rear face of this lower part around the opening 41 to accommodate a seal 70 formed of a sheet of an elastomeric material provided with holes for the passage of each of the capacitors 31. Thus, the seal 70 applies both to the periphery of the cylindrical body of each capacitor 31 and to the opposite faces of the lower part 40 of the housing and of the radiator 10.
    This guarantees a sealed outlet of the capacitors 31 and it is avoided that in the event of water condensation on the fins 11 of the radiator, the latter does not gain runoff inside the housing.
    In the example considered, the lower part of the housing 40 includes positioning pins 48 and the seal 70 of the corresponding holes 72 (visible in FIG. 4).
    In addition to the openings 73 for the passage of the capacitors 31, the seal 70 comprises in the illustrated example a window 74 for the passage of a spacer 80 fixed against the radiator 10, the thickness of which is slightly greater than that of the seal 70.
    The lower part 40 of the housing has an opening 49 for the installation against the radiator 10 of a power module 90. This opening 49 communicates with the opening 41, which allows the fixing on the spacer 80 of a component to be cooled, for example a diode bridge or any other component requiring heat dissipation. As can be seen in FIG. 10C, which represents the power card 30 with the lower part 40 of the housing removed, the module 90 is soldered to the printed circuit board 38 of the power card 30 using pins 92. The latter are connected to conductive tracks of the plate 38. At the soldering zone of the pins 92 to the plate 38, slots 37 are made in order to give elasticity to the fixing of the module 90 on the plate 38. Thus, the latter can be pressed against the radiator 10 by its face opposite to the plate even in the event of poor parallelism between the plate 38 and the inner face facing the radiator 10. The slots 37 limit the force on the module pins, created by product assembly tolerances.
    The device 1 includes a control card 110 which is superimposed on the power card and which includes one or more microcontrollers or analog circuits to manage the operation of the device 1.
    An HMI interface card 120 is arranged above the control card 110 and comprises a display 121 as well as several control buttons 122 carried by a plate 129.
    The device 1 also includes cards 130 to 133 which carry connectors and connectors accessible from the side and bottom faces of the housing.
    These cards 130 to 133 are oriented perpendicularly to the power 30 and control 110 cards. The lower part 40 of the housing is made with openings 46 for the output of the connectors and connectors.
    The device 1 also includes a card 190 which carries connectors and connectors, and which is located on the side of the device 1 opposite to the card 130.
    As can be seen in FIGS. 10D and 10E, the card 190 comprises a printed circuit board 191 which extends parallel to the interior face of the radiator 10 between the latter and the board 38 of the power board 30. The board 191 is fixed to the plate 38 using spacers 193.
    It can be seen in FIG. 10D that the plate 38 rests on barrels for receiving screws 200 from the lower part 40 and the plate 118 of the card 110 on drums 201. It is also seen that the inner face 205 of the housing 40 rests on the inner face 206 of the radiator 10.
    The plate 191 carries connectors and / or terminal blocks 195.
    Mass recovery
    The device 1 comprises a part 100 which is used for fixing a terminal connected to the electrical ground and / or to the ground. This part 100 is accessible laterally thanks to a corresponding opening 45 made on the lower part 40 of the housing, and has a tapped hole 101 for fixing a terminal retaining screw.
    The part 100 is fixed to the radiator 10 by two screws 102, visible in FIG. 5. These screws 102 provide electrical contact between the radiator 10 and the part 100.
    The screws 102 have heads 104 which are applied to corresponding conductive tracks of the power card 30, so as to electrically connect these tracks to the radiator 10 and to the ground and / or earth terminal.
    The part 100 thus plays a double function, namely on the one hand ensuring the electrical connection between the radiator 10 and the power card 30 and an external connection by lug, and on the other hand a mechanical fixing of the power card 30 on the radiator 10. The use of a single part exercising this double function contributes to the compactness of the device.
    Memory card connector
    The upper part 50 of the housing includes, as can be seen in FIG. 9 in particular, an opening 51 for the screen 121 and holes 52 for the buttons 122.
    A housing 53 is provided to receive an additional module 140, visible in FIG. 8, provided with a connector which is connected to the control card through an opening 56 opening into the bottom of the housing 53.
    The housing 53 is closed by a hatch 150, visible in FIG. 7 in particular, which is fixed on the upper part 50 by a tab 151 provided with a screw which engages in a corresponding thread 57 provided on the upper part 50.
    Means such as a tamper-evident label can be arranged at the hatch 150 to signal the removal of the latter.
    The HMI interface card 120 carries a reader defining a memory card slot 124 M, for example of the “micro SD” type, which opens into a recess 58 in the upper part 50 intended to accommodate the tab 151 for locking the hatch 150 .
    The device 1 can be configured to store various operating parameters in the memory card M, and thus have a useful history for performing a diagnosis in the event of a fault, for example. The M memory card can still be useful for firmware update operations or for downloading application-specific parameters.
    The HMI 120 interface card can also carry, as seen in FIG. 10 in particular, one or more front connectors 127, for example of the RJ45 or USB type. The presence of these connectors accessible on the front facilitates the operations of updating, programming and diagnosing device 1 by an operator.
    These connectors 127 are carried by extensions 128 of the printed circuit board 129 of the card 120, which extend on either side of the recess 58, thus contributing to the compactness of the mounting of the card 120 in the housing. device 1.
    The apparatus 1 can comprise, as seen in FIG. 10A, a backup battery 10 connected by an electric cable 162 to the control card 110. This backup battery 160 is flat and oriented perpendicular to the control card 110, being housed in a corresponding housing 161 formed in the upper part 50 of the housing next to the housing 53 receiving the additional module 140.
    Thus, it is possible to access this backup battery 160 by removing the hatch 150, as can be seen in FIG. 8, and the maintenance of the device 1 is thereby facilitated.
    Redundancy of power transistors
    FIG. 13 shows a power half-bridge used to perform PWM type regulation when the device 1 is an alternator regulator, this half-bridge being connected by terminals 230 and 232 to the inductor L of the alternator. Also shown schematically in this figure is a control circuit 240, belonging for example to the control card 110, and capable of generating a control signal 241.
    The half-bridge illustrated in figure 13 presents a redundancy of the controlled power components, in order to ensure the control and the supply of the excitation current even in the event of failure of one of these components, for example short- transistor circuit or permanent blocking of the transistor.
    The half-bridge comprises a first pair TH1 and TH2 of power transistors, electrically connected in parallel between the + terminal of the DC bus 310 and the terminal 230 of the inductor L. Two freewheeling diodes DL1 and DL2 are connected in parallel between terminal 230 of inductor L and terminal - of the DC bus. The diodes DL1 and DL2 have their cathode connected to the terminal 230.
    The half-bridge comprises a second pair TB1, TB2 of power transistors electrically connected in parallel between the terminal - of the DC bus and the terminal 232 of the inductor L. Two diodes DF1 and DF2 are arranged in parallel between the terminal 232 and the + terminal of the DC bus, with their cathode connected to this + terminal of the bus.
    Monitoring is ensured for example by the control circuit 240, in order to verify that the transistors TH1, TH2, TB1, TB2 operate without failure. For example, the voltage across the inductor L is monitored by device 1 to verify that it corresponds to the PWM command.
    In normal operation, in the absence of failure of the transistors, the transistor TB1 is controlled in permanent saturated mode and TB2 is kept blocked in standby. Only the transistor TH1 receives the control signal 241, the transistor TH2 being kept on standby blocked.
    When the transistor TH1 is driven in conduction, the current flows through this transistor, the inductor and the transistor TB1. When transistor TH1 is blocked, the current flowing in the inductor flows in a loop in transistor TB1 and in the freewheeling diodes DL1 and DL2.
    In the event of negative “forcing”, that is to say when there is a need to rapidly drop the current in the inductor L in order to improve the response in voltage regulation of the alternator on a load shedding load, the transistor TB1 is blocked, and the current flows through the diodes DL1, DL2 and DF1, DF2 and through the capacitors of the DC bus 310. This has the effect of reversing the voltage across the inductor L and to make the current drop more quickly in the latter.
    Different situations of failure of the transistors are dealt with by the device 1.
    TH1 break in short circuit
    The consequence of this failure is that this transistor no longer responds to the PWM command, and the excitation current rises rapidly in the inductor.
    To remedy the fault, the transistor TH2 is piloted saturated to maintain the short-circuit in parallel with TH1 and the PWM command is sent on TB1; TB2 is kept blocked.
    Only the negative forcing function becomes unavailable, which constitutes an acceptable loss of operating performance.
    TH1 break open
    This failure causes this transistor to stop responding to the PWM command and the excitation current drops rapidly.
    To respond to this failure, the transistor TH1 is controlled off in order to avoid potential erratic switching, and the transistor TH2 receives the PWM command to replace TH1. TB1 is kept in the saturated state and TB2 in the blocked state.
    There is again a normal state of current regulation in the inductor.
    TB1 break in short circuit
    The normal operating mode of this transistor being the saturated mode, this failure has no consequence on the excitation current, except the loss of performance linked to the impossibility of carrying out a negative forcing.
    As long as the short circuit is maintained, there is no correction to be made to the control with regard to regulating the alternator current in normal operation.
    TBlouvert
    The effect of this failure is to rapidly drop the current in the inductor, the transistor no longer responding to the command keeping it in saturation.
    To remedy this failure, the transistor TB1 is controlled off to avoid possible erratic switching. The transistor TB2 receives the saturated command replacing TB1. The transistor TH1 continues to receive the PWM command and the transistor TH2 is controlled blocked.
    There is a normal state of control of the excitation current.
    In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the transistors TB1, TB2, TH1 and TH2 belong to a monolithic power module 90, represented in FIG. 14, which comprises seven transistors, being marketed for another application, these transistors being distributed in three parallel branches 301, 302, 303 each comprising two transistors in series and a seventh transistor in parallel with the three branches, in series with a diode 305.
    FIG. 14 has identified the transistors of module 90 which can be used to form the transistors TB1, TB2, TH1 and TH2.
    These are the transistors at the top of the branches 302, 301 for the transistors TH1 and TH2, and the transistor at the bottom of the remaining branch 303 for the transistor TB1, the transistor TB2 being constituted by the transistor which is in series with the diode. 305.
    The invention is not limited to the example which has just been described. In particular, the power stage can be achieved with discrete components instead of a module grouping them.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Electronic device (1), in particular speed variator or alternator regulator, comprising at least one power component (90) mounted on a heat sink (10) and a plurality of capacitors (31) extending through the at least one opening (15) of the dissipator, characterized in that it comprises a recess (42) in which is received a sheet gasket (70) applying on the one hand to an interior face (206) of the heatsink and on the other hand on an inner face (205) facing a housing (40,50) attached to the heatsink, the inner faces (205, 206) of the heatsink and of the housing coming into contact.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Device according to the preceding claim, the recess (42) being produced in the housing (40, 50).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Device according to one of claims 1 and 2, the housing being made in two assembled parts (40.50).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, the housing (40.50) being made of plastic.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, at least one of the housing and the dissipator comprising centering pins (48) and the seal (70) having corresponding holes (72) in which the pins are engaged. centering.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, the seal (70) comprising an opening (74) in which is disposed a metal spacer (80) extending between the dissipator and a power component, in particular a diode bridge .
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, the power component (90) being applied to the dissipator (10) through an opening (49) of the housing (40.50).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Device according to claim 7, the power component (90) being soldered on a printed circuit board (38) of a power card (30), this board having slots (37) to form flexible tongues on which extending from conductive tracks on which the pins (92) of the power component are soldered.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising several, in particular five, capacitors arranged in a U, the concavity of the U being oriented towards the power component (90).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, the power component (90) comprising a plurality of power transistors (TH1, TH2, TB1, TB2), in particular of IGBT or of MOSFET.
    1/13
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3062277B1|2019-06-07|
    WO2018134170A1|2018-07-26|
    US20190373762A1|2019-12-05|
    CN110192440A|2019-08-30|
    EP3571901A1|2019-11-27|
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    FR3062275B1|2017-01-20|2019-06-07|Moteurs Leroy-Somer|ASSEMBLY COMPRISING AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A SPEED CONTROLLER OR ALTERNATOR CONTROLLER, AND TWO SETS OF ELEMENTS OF DIFFERENT SHAPES FOR FASTENING THE DEVICE|
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    法律状态:
    2017-12-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-07-27| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20180727 |
    2018-12-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-10-16| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20200906 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1750488A|FR3062277B1|2017-01-20|2017-01-20|ELECTRONIC DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A SPEED CONTROLLER OR ALTERNATOR REGULATOR, COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE POWER COMPONENT AND A PLURALITY OF CAPACITORS|
    FR1750488|2017-01-20|FR1750488A| FR3062277B1|2017-01-20|2017-01-20|ELECTRONIC DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A SPEED CONTROLLER OR ALTERNATOR REGULATOR, COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE POWER COMPONENT AND A PLURALITY OF CAPACITORS|
    CN201880007372.3A| CN110192440A|2017-01-20|2018-01-16|Electronic equipment including at least one power component and multiple capacitors in particular speed change driver or alternator regulator|
    PCT/EP2018/050927| WO2018134170A1|2017-01-20|2018-01-16|Electronic device, in particular a variable speed drive or alternator regulator, comprising at least one power component and a plurality of capacitors|
    EP18700356.1A| EP3571901A1|2017-01-20|2018-01-16|Electronic device, in particular a variable speed drive or alternator regulator, comprising at least one power component and a plurality of capacitors|
    US16/478,732| US20190373762A1|2017-01-20|2018-01-16|Electronic device, in particular a variable speed drive or alternator regulator, comprising at least one power component and a plurality of capacitors|
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